TBW45_UNIT2...BI-Integrated Planning

TBW45_UNIT2 ...BI-Integrated Planning ...UNIT2: Creating a simple data model with data input


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TBW45_UNIT1 BI- Integrated Planning UNIT1

TBW45_PART1 ...BI-Integrated Planning ...UNIT1: General Concepts and Challenges in Business Planning


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TABW10 Study guide

T ABW1 0

Study guide

Multiple Choice

The following questions have more than one answer.

1. Which of the following characterize Operational Environments (OL TP)?

a. Current data is essential

b. Detailed transaction data is essential

c. Data is highly de-normalized

d. Users only require read access to the data

e. Data is highly normalized

2. Which of the following are true regarding Info Objects?

a. Info Objects are a part of the meta data repository

b. Info Objects are classified into 2 groups: characteristics and data elements.

c. Info Objects contain technical definitions as well as business logic

d. An InfoSource is a collection of Info Objects

e. Info Objects are business evaluations objects, such as customer, product,

and revenue.

3. An Info Object definition includes which of the following?

a. Attributes

b. Hierarchies

c. Text information

d. Transaction codes

e. A scheduler

4. Which of the following are examples of key figures?

a. revenue

b. package number (request 10)

c. quantity

d. amount

e. calendar month

5. Which of the following actions can be done in the update rules?

a. Info objects can be updated 1:1 by a simple move.

b. Extract structures may be cleared.

c. Constants can be substitued for the actual value from the infosource.

d. Datasouce creation.

e. Currency conversion for key figures.

6. Datasourse replication can be performed according which of the following levels?

a. The hierarchies.

b. The datasource

c. The extract routines

d. The application component

e. The source system

TABW]O System Configuration Jan 200] ]
.

Multiple Choice

The following questions have more than one answer.

7. Which of the following are correct regarding the Operation Data Store (ODS)?

a. Data from different data sources can be merged in the ODS.

b. The ODS holds transation data only.

c. Reporting cannot be done from the ODS

d. The ODS forms the in-bound layer of the BW where data is written to directly

from the source system.

e. Data in the ODS is compressed and does not have a request id.

8. Dimension tables contain:

a. Pointers to a fact

b. Pointers to a text

c. SID's

d. Display attributes

e. Update rules

9. Currency translations can be implemented in:

a. update rules

b. transfer rules

c. in the query definition

d. in the report result

e. all of the above

10. Where can data transformation can take place in BW.

a. update rules

b. transfer rules

c. transfer routine

d. Extract routine

e. Extract structure

11. Which of the following statements are correct regarding InfoSources?

a. An InfoSource is a summarized quantity of information that logically belongs

together as a unit.

b. InfoSources are physically located on the source system.

c. InfoSources can encompass both transaction data and master data.

d. InfoSouces include extract structures.

e. Multiple souce systems can be assigned to an InfoSource.

12. Which of the following are true regarding transfer rules?

a. Transfer rules are stored in dimension tables.

b. Transfer rules facilitate the loading of data into the SID tables.

c. After transfer rules are created, they must be activated in order to take

effect.

d. Transfer rules determine which transfer structure fields should be

transferred to which communication structure fields.

e. Transfer rules are business evaluations objects, such as customer, product,

and revenue.

T ABW I 0 System Configuration lan 200 I 2
.

Multiple Choice

The following questions have more than one answer.

13. Which of the following are data transfer options for BW ?

a. SID

b. TRFC

c. IDOC

d. OL TP

e. OLAP

14. Which of the following are correct regarding the ODS?

a. Data from multiple InfoSources can be consolidated in the ODS object.

b. Reporting on ODS data must be done with InfoSet queries.

c. One ODS object consists of 3 transparent tables.

d. Updating InfoCubes with data from the ODS requires TRFC.

e. ODS data must be activated before it can be available for reporting.

15.Which of the following are included in Business Content?

a. R/3 extractor programs.

b. ASAP excelerators.

c. InfoPackage groups.

d. Workbooks.

e. Queries.

16. Which of the following is true regarding BW Statistics?

a. The volume of data in the BW statistics is dependent on the granularity of the

incoming data from the R/3 extractors.

b. BW Statistics reporting is done through a MultCube approach.

c. BW Statistics is delivered in Business Content.

d. Data loaded into BW statistics must initially be stored in the PSA.

e. BW statistics InfoObjects do not include key figures.

17. Which of the following are correct regarding the Data Changes Aggregate Update

program?

a. The Data Changes Aggregate Update program is a part of the DataSource

replication process.

b. The Data Changes Aggregate Update program recognizes changes in

attribute / hierarchy data and the effect these changes have on aggregates.

c. Navigation attribute data value changes will not be seen until the Data

Changes Aggregate Update program is performed.

d. The Data Changes Aggregate Update program performs a roll-up.

e. The Data Changes Aggregate Update program must be executed on the

source system prior to delta updates.

18. What is the role of the app components section?

a. Organizes the InfoSource,

b. Organizes the Source System

c. Organizes the InfoCubes

d. Organizes the DataSources

T ABW I 0 System Configuration Jan 2001 3
.

Multiple Choice

The following questions have more than one answer.

19. What are the prerequisites for loading data?

a Active communication structure

b Active Transfer rules

c. Active infoCube

20. What methods can you use to update metadata?

a Replicate from a R/3 system to a BW

b Use an ABAP exit routine

c Correction and Transport to another BW

d Replicate from a BW system to a BW

21 Names types of Info Cube

a Aggregate

b Remote

c Basic

d Temp

e All of the above

22. Which attributes of the Keyfigure are true?

a. The keyfigure can retains the last value

b. The keyfigure can serve as an attribute of an characteristic

c. When the keyfigure is define as an amount, a unit of measure is associated

23. Copying update rules, which are true statements?

a. Update rules can be copied by creating new update rules, if there already

exits rules for the same infosource.

b. All parts of the update rule are copied if the infocubes are equal are equal to

each other.

~. If they are not equal, update rules are copied for the infoobjects that exit in

both infocube.
.

Multiple Choice

The following questions have only one answer:

1. A conceptual description of data objects, their attributes, and the relationship between

them is:

a. A data warehouse

b. A data model

c. An InfoCatalog

d. An Infoset

e. An Infosource

2. Which of the following are true statements?

a. Calculated fields are stored in the infocube.

b. Calculated fields are stored in the query.

c. Formulas are saved in both the query and the infocube.

d. Formulas are reusable.

e. Calculated fields are stoed in the PSA.

3. Which of the following is used to stage retrieved data temporarily in the Source

,system?

a. Update rules

b. Communication structure

c. Extract Structure

d. Transfer rules

e. Infosource

4. Which of the following is correct regarding granularity?

a. Highly granular data is highly summarized data.

b. Granularity has little impact on query performance.

c. Granularity has little impact on data load performance.

d. Granularity describes the detail of a database in a data warehouse.

e. Increasing granularity means decreasing information.

5. In which contains data that is based on the transfer structure and is not transformed by

transfer rules?

a. Operational data store.

b. Persistant Staging Area.

c. Communication structure.

d. Datasource

e. Infosource.

6. A parameterized extraction job with an infosource, source system and multiple section

criteria including variables is a:

a. infoobject

b. infocube

c. Infocatalog

d. infopackage

e. Infosource.

TABWIO System Configuration lan 2001 5
'"

7. Groupings of related characteristics in an infocube are:

a. fact tables

b. dimension tables

c. extract structures

d. SID tables

e. Infosource.

8. Which of the following statements is correct regarding SAP remote cubes?

a. Remote cubes are defined and based on the extract structures of the OL TP

system for transaction data.

b. Remote cubes are very beneficial for accessing large amounts of data on a

daily routine basis.

c. Remote cubes facilitate query reporting since large numbers of users may

execute queries from the same remote cube simutaneously with no impact

on performance.

d. Remote cubes copy the characteristics and key figures of the InfoSource.

e. Remote cubes support the inversion of customer exits (SAPI).

9. BWALEREMOTE is

a. An IDOC.

b. A dialog user.

c. A batch job on the OL TP system used to trigger updates.

d. An RFC user id.

e. A tRFC.

10. What are the types of attributes?

a. Navigational and text

b. Display and navigational

c. Display and calculated

d. Text and display

e. Calculated and navigational

11. Which of the following is a combination of the time dependent master data table and

the time independent master data table?

a. SID table

b. Dimension table

c. M view

d. Stable

e. X table

12. Fact tables may be partitioned by which of following?

a. OCALDAY

b. OCALMONTH

c. OCAL YEAR

d. OCALPERIOD.

e. OCALWEEK.

TABW]O System Configuration Jan 200] 6
.

13. Pointer tables that provide the technical link to the master data outside of the info cube

are:

a. Dimension tables.

b. Text tables.

c. M tables

d. SID tables

e. ODS transparent tables.

14.Which of the following is used to support the the analytical process by inventing

artificial attributes that classify a characteristic?

a. Degenerate dimensions

b. E fact table

c. Categorical dimensions

d. SID tables

e. Navigational attributes.

15.Which of the following is true regarding multi-cubes?

a. Multicubes can incorporate ODS transparent tables.

b. Each multicube has only one consolidated fact table.

c. Multi cubes do not enhance query performance.

d. Aggregates may be created on multi cubes

e. Multi cubes do not contain any data.

16. Before I can load data using an InfoPackage, what are the prerequisites

a. Active communication structure

b. Active Transfer rules

C Active InfoCube

17. Which of the following is true about the communication structure?

a. Communication structure is created for an info Source and represent part of

an application

b Total number of Info Objects in the communication structure and extract

structure can be deferent

c The communication structure can reflects several Data Sources

d All above

18. What is true about the monitor query?

a It works only with TRFC transfer methods

b Tracks and display status of data loads

c Tries to indicate the error and suggest how to fix it

d Change the read mode for a query

TABWI0 System Configuration Jan 2001 7
--~-

.. , .

Multiple Choice

The following questions have only one answer:

19. What info package load options comes with the TRFC?

a. To PSA and Data Targets

b. To PSA then the Data Targets

c. To PSA only

d. To InfoCube

e. All of the above

20. In data modeling, where would you define the characteristic in order display historical

truth

a. The characteristic is an attribute and it must be time dependent

b. The characteristic values forms a hierarchy and it must be time dependent

c. The characteristic must be define in the Dim Table

21. To affect only one query, where should you use currency conversion?

a. In the update rules linking the infosource to the infocube

b. In the transfer rules of the infosource

c. In the query definition

22. Select the methods that 1?--.!lQ! used for meta data uploads

a. Replicate from a source sytsem

b. Use correction and transport from an Dev to Production BW

c. Schedule an infosource upload from a source system

23 Where would the character transformation rule needs to be define to be affective

across all inforsource.

a. Place the rule into each inforsource which will use the infobject

b. Place the rule in the update rules for each infocube using the infobject

c. Place the rule within the infoobject defination.

24 A important characteristic values changes frequently. What would be the best design?

a. Place the character in its own dimension table.

b. Define the character as an attribute of another character

c. Use the character's values to form an hierarchy

25. Which of the following statements about Aggregate are true?

a. Aggregate cube can be deactivated with loss of data in the aggregate

b. Aggregate cube are useful for key figures with aggregation Sum, Average,

Min or Max

c. When hierarchy associated with an aggregate cube changes, realignment of

aggregate cube is need in order to see the hierarchy.

TABWIO System Configuration Jan 2001 8

Multiple Choice

The following questions have only one answer:

26. Which is not a good method to reduce the size of an info cube

a Combine characteristic into as few dimension tables as possible

b Characteristic with many values are given their own dimension table

c Change the time granularity to the highest level consistence with the

reporting requirements.

27. Which statement is not true about the infosource?

a. An Infosource is set of logically associated data.

b. Inofosource describes all the data available for a business transaction or_type of

business.

c. The infosource consists of a communication structure, transfer structure and

transfer rules.

d. Infosource can encompass transaction data and master data.

28.. Creating update rules, can the following rules be applied?

a. Read the attributes from a master data table and put them into the cube.

b. Convert the keyfigures unit of measurement using an ABAP program

c. Return multi keyfigures for each keyfigure processed

d. All of the above rules can be applied.

29. Select the methods of meta data update.

a. Select the infosource's Source System and replicate

b. Replicate from the Source System's Data Source Overview

c. Update to a production BW using Correction and Transport request

d. Schedule an infosource upload from the R/3 system

question and answers in bw

BW Questions-PART-I

1. What is the difference between OLTP and OLAP?
OLTP Current data Short database transactions Online update/insert/delete Normalization is promoted High volume transactions Transaction recovery is necessary

OLAP Current and historical data Long database transactions Batch update/insert/delete Renormalization is promoted Low volume transactions Transaction recovery is not necessary

OLTP is nothing but OnLine Transaction Processing ,which contains a normalised tables and online data,which have frequent insert/updates/delete.
But OLAP(Online Analtical Programming) contains the history of OLTP data, which is, non-volatile ,acts as a Decisions Support System and is used for creating forecasting reports.



2. What is different type of multidimensional models?

3. What is the dimension?.

A grouping of those evaluation groups (characteristics) that belong together under a common superordinate term.
With the definition of an InfoCube, characteristics are grouped together into dimensions in order to store them in a star schema table (dimension table).


4. What is the fact and fact table?
Table in the center of an InfoCube star schema.
The data part contains all key figures of the InfoCube and the key is formed by links to the entries of the dimensions of the InfoCube.


5. Difference between key performance indicators (KPI) and key figures?.

Key Performance Indicators are quantifiable measurements, agreed to beforehand, that reflect the critical success factors of an organization. They will differ depending on the organization. A business may have as one of its Key Performance Indicators the percentage of its income that comes from return customers. A school may focus its Key Performance Indicators on graduation rates of its students. A Customer Service Department may have as one of its Key Performance Indicators, in line with overall company KPIs, percentage of customer calls answered in the first minute. A Key Performance Indicators for a social service organization might be number of clients assisted during the year.
Whatever Key Performance Indicators are selected, they must reflect the organization's goals, they must be key to its success,and they must be quantifiable (measurable). Key Performance Indicators usually are long-term considerations. The definition of what they are and how they are measured do not change often. The goals for a particular Key Performance Indicator may change as the organizations goals change, or as it get closer to achieving a goal.
. 6. Difference between star schema and Extended star schema?

The difference between star and extended star schemas:1) Master data is not reusable in STAR because it is inside a cube. i.e in star scheme Dimensional tables and Master data tables are same. these 2 are inside a cube. But in extended star shema master data tables are outside the cube. so these are reusable components. here master data tables and Dimensional tables are different.2) limited Analysis: in star schema the maximum number of master data tables are 16. But in extended star schema the maximum number of Dimensioanl tables are 16. we can assign maximum of 233 char to one dimensional table. in that way we can assign 233*16 Char.3) low performance: in star schema it is used ALPHA numeric data. in Extended star schema we are using numering data. like we are generating SID inorder to link with dimesional tables these are numeric data. so performance is low regarding star schema.

7.what is a dimension table in extended star schema and when it is exactly created and when it will get populated?.

8. What is a SID (Surrogate ID) table in extended star schema and when it is exactly created and when it will get populated?.

9. what are the limitation techniques of infocube or modeling in BW?.

10. what is Flexiable update and Direct Update and explain difference?.
When we load data to the data target at the level of info provider level then we go for flexible update (wheither it is M.D or T.D). When we load data to the data target at the level of Info Object we go for Direct update.

Main Deference is Direct updata = without Update rulesFlexible update= With update rules
Scenarios for Flexible Updating
1. Attributes and texts are delivered together in a file:
Your master data, attributes, and texts are available together in a flat file. They are updated by an InfoSource with flexible updating in additional InfoObjects. In doing so, texts and attributes can be separated from each other in the communication structure.
Flexible updating is not necessary if:
· texts and attributes are available in separate files/DataSources. In this case, you can choose direct updating if additional transformations using update rules are not necessary.
2. Attributes and texts come from several DataSources:
This scenario is similar to the one described above, only slightly more complex. Your master data comes from two different source systems and delivers attributes and texts in flat files. They are grouped together in an InfoSource with flexible updating. Attributes and texts can be separated in the communication structure and are updated further in InfoObjects. The texts or attributes from both source systems are located in these InfoObjects.
3. Master data in the ODS layer:
A master data InfoSource is updated to a master data ODS object business partner with flexible updating. The data can now be cleaned and consolidated in the ODS object before being re-read. This is important when the master data frequently changes.
These cleaned objects can now be updated to further ODS Objects. The data can also be selectively updated using routines in the update rules. This enables you to get views of selected areas. The data for the business partner is divided into customer and vendor here.
Instead you can update the data from the ODS object in InfoObjects as well (with attributes or texts). When doing this, be aware that loading of deltas takes place serially. You can ensure this when you activate the automatic updates in ODS object maintenance or when you perform the loading process using a process chain (see also Including ODS Objects in a Process Chain).
A master data ODS object generally makes the following options available:
· It displays an additional level on which master data from the whole enterprise can be consolidated.
· ODS objects can be used as a validation table for checking the referential integrity of characteristic valuables in the update rules.
· It can serve as a central repository for master data, in which master data is consolidated from various systems. They can then be forwarded to further BW systems using the Data Mart.


Direct update is generally used for Master data infoobject & Hoerarchies . Here no update rules are used, that means data from source system passes though transfer structure, rules, & communication structure directly to Data target i.e. InfoObject.

11. what are transfer rules and updates rules and difference?.
Why we are using update rule while loading the data from source syst?Why can not we directly load data from transfer rule to datatarget..?Update rules are after the infosource and before the data target. Transactional Data can not be loaded into the data target without passing through the update rules.Incase of master data Update rules are not required.Let us take one example. Say you have Customer quantity price revenue and date.you have the data cust, Qty, Prc and date extracted from Source system. Assume that you can not Extract Rev.In transfer rules you can apply some rules on Qty and Prc and Rev can be derived.Suppose if requirement is period also should be presented in the report.Then in the update rules by setting date in the time Ref char, sytem will give the period, week, month ets like values.Like wise depending upon the requirements you can use the update rules.These rules to be applied to fill the data target.As per the these rules data sits in the respective object locations.
The reason for having update rules would be:1. If a business logic lets say if a certain quantity > '5' - then rating is "A" needs to be implemented you would have to do it in all the transfer rules whereas in a update rule only once.2. You can use return tables in update rules which would split the incoming data package record into multiple ones. This is not possible in transfer rules. 3. Currency conversion is not possible in transfer rules.4. If you have a key figure that is a calculated one using the base key figures you would do the calculation only in the update rules.
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF TRANSFER RULES
4 types:1) InfoObject: Direct mapping2) Constants: A fixed value. 3) Formula: value is determined using a formula.4) Routine: ABAP programs

12. what is the update mode , update method update type for updating data into infocube?.

13. what is the PSA and advantages and disadvantages of PSA ?.

14. what are the fields of PSA?.

15.how many data sources can be assigned to in infosource?.

16. what are different transformation methods in transfer rules.?.

15. What is ER Diagram

The Entity-Relationship (ER) model was originally proposed by Peter in 1976 [Chen76] as a way to unify the network and relational database views. Simply stated the ER model is a conceptual data model that views the real world as entities and relationships. A basic component of the model is the Entity-Relationship diagram which is used to visually represents data objects. Since Chen wrote his paper the model has been extended and today it is commonly used for database design For the database designer, the utility of the ER model is: it maps well to the relational model. The constructs used in the ER model can easily be transformed into relational tables. it is simple and easy to understand with a minimum of training. Therefore, the model can be used by the database designer to communicate the design to the end user. In addition, the model can be used as a design plan by the database developer to implement a data model in a specific database management software.

why an infocube has maximum of 16 dimensions?
As the total charecterstics are 255, out of which 16 charecters are being allowed for foreign keys and 6 charecters are for sap default, for this sake we have only 16 dimention tables, of which 3 are again sap default (unit, time. Datapacket): so finally we have only 13 user dimentions.

BW Certification Exam

Guys, just want to give you some idea about the examination:

It divides into 6 sections:

1. Data Modelling, (8 questions)

2. Warehouse Management,

3. Reporting,

4. Authorization, (4 questions)

5. Implementation Project, (6 questions)

6. Extraction

The weight of each section is different. The Data Modelling, Authorization, and Project Implementation are not that heavy. It would be better spending more time on the rest.

You need to understand at least the concepts for the following:

Hierarchy, line item, aggregation, display attribute, navigation attribute, Bex Map (TBW20 - Chapter 16), exception aggregation, direct update...

Good Luck.

Technical_setup_for_the_examples

The following is the technical setup for the examples

1. Create the following InfoObjects with the following definitions:

InfoObject	Description	Data type	Length	Conversion routine	With Text
ZDEMO1	Demo1	CHAR	5	ALPHA	Checked (with short text and language dependent)
ZDEMO2	Demo2	CHAR	5	ALPHA	Checked (with short text and language dependent)
ZDEMO3	Demo3	CHAR	5	ALPHA	Checked (with short text and language dependent)

Pre-populate some values in each of the InfoObjects above using transaction RSD1 with master data maintenance. These must be available as BPS needs those for manual entry in the layouts. Please note that the screenshots provided in the examples have inserted values listed in the following:

ZDEMO1 has values 3 & 99999

ZDEMO2 has values 1 & 999

ZDEMO3 has values 2 & 9999

2. Create InfoCube ZDEMO as a transactional InfoCube with the following definition:

Dimension	InfoObject
DEMO	ZDEMO1 (characteristic)
DEMO	ZDEMO2 (characteristic)
DEMO	ZDEMO3 (characteristic)
Time	0FISCPER (time characteristic)
Time	0FISCPER3 (time characteristic)
Time	0FISCVARNT (time characteristic)
Time	0FISCYEAR (time characteristic)
Key figure	0AMOUNT (key figure)
Key figure	0QUANTITY (key figure)
Unit	0CURRENCY (unit)
Unit	0UNIT (unit)

3. Go to transaction BPS0 to create a planning area called ZDEMO and specify the InfoCube to ZDEMO.

4. Now proceed on with the technical setup in the article (the steps at the end).

5. Once you are finished, you can use the examples 1 & 2 provided.

Creating Extract Dataset

Requirement:

Write a program that lists the Vendors and their Accounting documents. Create extract dataset from KDF logical database. Loop through the dataset to create the required report. Don't list those vendors which has no documents

Solution:

report zfwr0001 no standard page heading.
tables: lfa1, bsik.
field-groups: header, item1, item2.
insert lfa1-lifnr bsik-belnr into header.
insert lfa1-land1 lfa1-name1 into item1.
insert bsik-belnr bsik-budat into item2.
start-of-selection.
get lfa1.
extract item1.
get bsik.
extract item2.
end-of-selection.
loop.
at item1 with item2.
skip.
write:/ 'Vendor number:', 28 'Name:', 56 'City:'.
write: 16 lfa1-lifnr, 33(20) lfa1-name1, 62(20) lfa1-ort01.
write:/ 'Document no.', 15 'Date'.
endat.
at item2.
write:/ bsik-belnr, 13 bsik-budat.
endat.
endloop.

Additional task:

Don't forget to set the Logical database to KDF on the "Program Attributes"

screenResult:

Vendor number: 10024 Name:New Jersey: New York
Document no. Date
1200000426 01/08/1999
Vendor number: 100126 Name: Universal Studios City: Los Angeles
Document no. Date
1800000109 12/02/1996
1800000341 01/10/1997
1800000321 01/14/1997

reference: www.saptutorial.info

BI7.0 Business Content Guidelines

BI7.0 Business Content Guidelines

This document is intended to complement
the existing data modeling guidelines.
It describes only the additional BI7.0-specific
knowledge that is relevant to data
modeling in the Business Content.



reference: sapfans.com

Download

Phases of a SAP Project (ASAP)

Phase I: Project Preparation

• Decision makers define clearly Project objectives and an effective decision making process.
• Define Project organization and Roles.
• Implementation scope is finalized
• System Landscape and technical requirements are finalized
• Infrastructure (Hardware/Interfaces)
• High level Strategies for client
• Archiving strategy
• Issues of Data bases
• Other issues like
• Unanticipated tasks
• Normal tasks that can not be completed
• External factors that need to be dealt with

Phase II: Blue Print Phase

• Scope of R/3 implementation is defined.
• Business blue print is created.o Tools used for this is ASAP Implementation assistant
• Question and Answer Data
• Base (Q&A dB) Business Process Master List (BPML)
• R/3 Structure
• Modules Business Navigator and External Modeling tools?
• Project Management (Activities like…)
• Conducting Status Meeting for Project Meeting
• Conducting Steering committee meetings
• Addresses the issues like Organizational Change Management
• Other Activities Like
• Project Team Training
• Developing the system environmento Defining Org Structure
• Define Business Process

Phase III: Realization Phase

• Configuring the R/3 System
• Defining the Authorizations in R/3
• Defining the work flow
• Creating Use Documentation
• System manager procedures
• Developing the System Test plans
• Define the Service level Commitment
• Establishing the System Administration function
• Setting up the Quality Assurance environment
  
  
  

Phase IV: Testing and Final Preparation

• Testing, user Training, System management and Cutover activities
• Test Plan has the activities of:
• Testing the conversion procedures and programs
• Total Interface programso Volume and Stress testing
• Final User acceptance testingo Developing a Final Go-Live strategy
• Redirection to Go-Live? Preparation of End-user documentation
• Training for the End Users
• Technical environment installation on Production system and testing
• Transfer of Legacy data and preparation plan for Go-Live

Phase V: GO-Live Phase

• Production support facilities are carried out
• Validations of Business process and their configuration
• Follow up training for End Users
• Sign–Off.
  

reference:www.sap123.com

BW310 - Data Warehousing

Title: BW310 - Data Warehousing

Pages: 497

Size: 44.9 MB

DOWNLOAD ( Megashare)

Password: sapdocs

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BW365 : SAP BW Authorizations

BW365 - SAP BW Authorizations

Size: 20.3 MB

Pages: 241

Course Goals

This course will provide you with the knowledge and skills to set up a security concept and implement it in SAP BW.

Target Audience

Employees responsible for security and authorization administration in Business Information Warehouse

Prerequisites

Essential:

- ADM940 SAP Authorization Concept or CA940 SAP R/3 Authorization Concept or equivalent knowledge

- BW310 SAP BW Data Warehousing

- BW305 SAP BW Reporting & Analysis

Course Content

SAP BW architecture and strategies for an authorization concept
Similarities and differences between security requirements in SAP R/3 and SAP BW
Setting up authorizations for reporting users
SAP BW administrators and authorizations for administrative tasks
Standard roles and templates for supporting the creation of an authorization concept
Authorizations necessary for linked source systems

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reference:mysapbi.blogspot.com

BW Queries/Workbooks/Web templates

Queries
RSZELTDIR Directory of the reporting component elements
RSZELTTXT Texts of reporting component elements
RSZELTXREF Directory of query element references
RSRREPDIR Directory of all reports (Query GENUNIID)
RSZCOMPDIR Directory of reporting components

Workbooks
RSRWBINDEX List of binary large objects (Excel workbooks)
RSRWBINDEXT Titles of binary objects (Excel workbooks)
RSRWBSTORE Storage for binary large objects (Excel workbooks)
RSRWBTEMPLATE Assignment of Excel workbooks as personal templates
RSRWORKBOOK 'Where-used list' for reports in workbooks

Web templates
RSZWOBJ Storage of the Web Objects
RSZWOBJTXT Texts for Templates/Items/Views
RSZWOBJXREF Structure of the BW Objects in a Template
RSZWTEMPLATE Header Table for BW HTML Templates

BW350: SAPComponentsExtraction

Download: BW350_SAPComponentsExtraction.pdf

SAP BW330 BW Modeling

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SAP BW340_Data Staging

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Some question related SAP BI/BW

Quiz: SAP BI/BW -- beginner level
1. The following transactions are relevant to the data sources in an SAP BW source system.
a. RSA3
b. RSA4
c. RSA5
d. RSA6
2. True or False? A reference characteristic will use the SID table and master data table of the referred characteristic.
a. True
b. False
3. The following statements are not true about navigational attributes.
a. An attribute of an info object cannot be made navigational if the attribute-only flag on the attribute info object has been checked.
b. Navigational attributes can be used to create aggregates.
c. It is possible to make a display attribute to navigational in an info cube data without deleting all the data from the info cube.
d. Once an attribute is made navigational in an info cube, it is possible to change it back to a display attribute if the data has been deleted from the info cube.
4. True or False? It is possible to create a key figure without assigning currency or unit.
a. True
b. False
5. The following statements are true for compounded info objects.
a. An info cube needs to contain all info objects of the compounded info object if it has been included in the info cube.
b. An info object cannot be included as a compounding object if it is defined as an attribute only.
c. An info object can be included as an attribute and a compounding object simultaneously.
d. The total length of a compounded info object cannot exceed 60.
6. The following statements are true for an info cube.
a. Each characteristic of info cube should be assigned to at least one dimension.
b. One characteristic can be assigned to more than one dimensions.
c. One dimension can have more than one characteristic.
d. More than one characteristic can be assigned to one line item dimension.
7. The following statements are true for info cubes and aggregates.
a. Requests cannot be deleted if info cubes are compressed.
b. A request cannot be deleted from an info cube if that request (is compressed) in the aggregates.
c. Deleting a request from the cube will delete the corresponding request from the aggregate, if the aggregate has not been compressed.
d. All of the above.
8. The following statements are true regarding the ODS request deletion.
a. It is not possible to delete a request from ODS after the request has been activated.
b. Deleting an (inactive) request will delete all requests that have been loaded into the ODS after this request was loaded.
c. Deleting an active request will delete the request from the change log table.
d. None of the above.
9. The following statements are true for aggregates.
a. An aggregate stores data of an info cube redundantly and persistently in a summarized form in the database.
b. An aggregate can be built on characteristics or navigational attributes from the info cube.
c. Aggregates enable queries to access data quickly for reporting.
d. None of the above.
10. True or False? If an info cube has active aggregates built on it, the new requests loaded will not be available for reporting until the rollup has been completed successfully.
a. True
b. False
11. What is the primary purpose of having multi-dimensional data models?
a. To deliver structured information that the business user can easily navigate by using any possible combination of business terms to show the KPIs.
b. To make it easier for developers to build applications, that will be helpful for the business users.
c. To make it easier to store data in the database and avoid redundancy.
d. All of the above.
12. The following statements are true for partitioning.
a. If a cube has been partitioned, the E table of the info cube will be partitioned on time.
b. The F table of the info cube is partitioned on request.
c. The PSA table is partitioned automatically with several requests on one partition.
d. It is not possible to partition the info cube after data has been loaded, unless all the data is deleted from the cube.
13. The following statements are true for OLAP CACHE.
a. Query navigation states and query results are stored in the application server memory.
b. If the same query has been executed by another user the result sets can be used if the global cache is active.
c. Reading query results from OLAP cache is faster than reading from the database.
d. Changing the query will invalidate the OLAP cache for that query.
14. The following statements are true about the communication structure.
a. It contains all the info objects that belong to an info source.
b. All the data is updated into the info cube with this structure.
c. It is dependent on the source system.
d. All of the above.
15. The following statements are untrue about ODSs.
a. It is possible to create ODSs without any data fields.
b. An ODS can have a maximum of 16 key fields.
c. Characteristics and key figures can be added as key fields in an ODS.
d. After creating and activating, an export data source is created automatically.


Correct answers:
Question #1: A, C, D
Transaction RSA3, or extractor checker, is used in the BW source system to check data sources for various extraction modes, including full update, delta update and delta initialization.
RSA5 is for installing standard business content data sources and RSA6 is for maintaining data sources.
Question #2: A
If an info object is created as a characteristic with a reference characteristic, it won't have its own sid and master data tables. The info object will always use the tables of the referred characteristic.
Question #3: D
All the statements except D are true. It is possible to change a navigational attribute back to a display attribute in an info cube, without deleting all data from the info cube.
Question #4: A
Yes, it is possible to create a key figure without assigning a unit if the data type is one of these four: Number, Integer, Date or Time.
Question #5: A, B, D
When a compounded info object is included in an info cube, all corresponding info objects are added to the info cube. If an info object is defined as an attribute, it cannot be included as compounding object. The total length of the compounding info objects cannot exceed 60 characters.
Question #6: A, C
Any characteristic in the info cube should be assigned to a dimension. One characteristic cannot be assigned to more than one dimension. One dimension can have more than one characteristic, provided it is not defined as a line item dimension.
Question #7: A, C
Once the info cubes are compressed it is not possible to delete data based on the requests. There won't be request IDs anymore. Requests can be deleted even if the requests in aggregates have been compressed. But the aggregates will have to be de-activated. Deleting an uncompressed request from an info cube will automatically delete the corresponding request from aggregate if the aggregate request has not been compressed.
Question #8: C
It is possible to delete requests from an ODS, even if the request has been activated. The "before and after image" of the data will be stored in the change log table using which the request will be deleted.
Deleting a request which has not been activated in ODS will not delete the requests which are loaded after this request. But if the request has been activated then the loaded and activated requests later will get deleted. Also the change log entries will be deleted for that request.
Question #9: A, B, C
Aggregates summarize and store data from an info cube. Characteristics and navigational attributes of an info cube can be used to create aggregates. Since aggregates contain summarized data, the amount of data in aggregates will be much less that the cube which makes the queries to run faster when they access aggregates.
Question #10: A
Newly-loaded requests in an info cube with aggregates will not be available for reporting until the aggregate rollup has been completed successfully. This is to make sure that the cube and aggregates are consistent while reporting.
Question #11: A
The primary purpose of multi-dimensional modeling is to present the business users in a way that corresponds their normal understanding of their business. They also provide a basis for easy access of data which is OLAP engine.
Question #12: A, B, C, D
BW allows partitioning of the info cubes based on time. If the info cube is partitioned, the e-fact table of the info cube will be partitioned on the time characteristic selected.
The F fact table is partitioned on request ids automatically during the loads. PSA tables are also partitioned during the loads and can accommodate more than one request. For an info cube to be partitioned, all data needs to be removed from the info cube.
Question #13: A, B, C, D
Query results are stored in the memory of application server, which can be retrieved later by another user running the same query. This will make the query faster since the results are already calculated and stored in the memory. By changing the query, the OLAP Cache gets invalidated.
Question #14: A, B
The communication structure contains all info objects in the info source and it is used to update the info cube by temporarily storing the data that needs to be updates to the data target. It doesn't depend on the source system.
Question #15: A, C
An ODS cannot be created without any data fields, and it can have a maximum of only 16 key fields. Key figures cannot be included as a key field in an ODS. The export data source is created after an ODS has been created and activated.


Quiz: SAP BI/BW -- intermediate level
1. Identify the statement(s) that is/are true. A change run...
a. Activates the new Master data and Hierarchy data
b. Aggregates are realigned and recalculated
c. Always reads data from the InfoCube to realign aggregates
d. Aggregates are not affected by change run
2. Which statement(s) is/are true about Multiproviders?
a. This is a virtual Infoprovider that does not store data
b. They can contain InfoCubes, ODSs, info objects and info sets
c. More than one info provider is required to build a Multiprovider
d It is similar to joining the data tables
3. The structure of the PSA table created for an info source will be...
a. Featuring the exact same structure as Transfer structure
b. Similar to the transfer rules
c. Similarly structured as the Communication structure
d. The same as Transfer structure, plus four more fields in the beginning
4. In BW, special characters are not permitted unless it has been defined using this transaction:
a. rrmx
b. rskc
c. rsa15
d. rrbs
5. Select the true statement(s) about info sources:
a. One info source can have more than one source system assigned to it
b. One info source can have more than one data source assigned to it provided the data sources are in different source systems
c. Communication structure is a part of an info source
d. None of the above
6. Select the statement(s) that is/are true about the data sources in a BW system:
a. If the hide field indicator is set in a data source, this field will not be transferred to BW even after replicating the data source
b. A field in a data source won't be usable unless the selection field indicator has been set in the data source
c. A field in an info package will not be visible for filtering unless the selection field has been checked in the data source
d. All of the above
7. Select the statement(s) which is/are true about the 'Control parameters for data transfer from the Source System':
a. The table used to store the control parameters is ROIDOCPRMS
b. Field max lines is the maximum number of records in a packet
c. Max Size is the maximum number of records that can be transferred to BW
d. All of the above
8. The indicator 'Do not condense requests into one request when activation takes place' during ODS activation applies to condensation of multiple requests into one request to store it in the active table of the ODS.
a. True
b. False
9. Select the statement(s) which is/are not true related to flat file uploads:
a. CSV and ASCII files can be uploaded
b. The table used to store the flat file load parameters is RSADMINC
c. The transaction for setting parameters for flat file upload is RSCUSTV7
d. None of the above
10. Which statement(s) is/are true related to Navigational attributes vs Dimensional attributes?
a. Dimensional attributes have a performance advantage over Navigational attributes for queries
b. Change history will be available if an attribute is defined as navigational
c. History of changes is available if an attribute is included as a characteristic in the cube
d. All of the above
11. When a Dimension is created as a line item dimension in a cube, Dimensions IDs will be same as that of SIDs.
a. True
b. False
12. Select the true statement(s) related to the start routine in the update rules:
a. All records in the data packet can be accessed
b. Variables declared in the global area is available for individual routines
c. Returncode greater than 0 will be abort the whole packet
d. None of the above
13. If a characteristic value has been entered in InfoCube-specific properties of an InfoCube, only these values can be loaded to the cube for that characteristic.
a. True
b. False
14. After any changes have been done to an info set it needs to be adjusted using transaction RSISET.
a. True
b. False
15. Select the true statement(s) about read modes in BW:
a. Read mode determines how the OLAP processor retrieves data during query execution and navigation
b. Three different types of read modes are available
c. Can be set only at individual query level
d. None of the above


Question #1: A, B
Change run activates the Master data and Hierarchy data changes. Before the activation of these changes, all the aggregates that are affected by these changes are realigned. Realignment is not necessarily done by reading InfoCubes. If these are part of another aggregate that can be used to read data for the realignment, change run uses that aggregate.
Question #2: A, B
Multiproviders are like virtual Infoproviders that do not store any data. Basic InfoCubes, ODSs, info sets or Info objects can be used to build a Multiprovider. Multiproviders can even be built on a single Infoprovider.
Question #3: D
The structure of PSA tables will have an initial four fields: request id, packet number, partition value and record number. The remaining fields will be exactly like Transfer Structure.
Question #4: B
Rskc is the transacation used to enter the permitted characters in BW.
Question #5: A, C
Info sources can be assigned to multiple source systems. Also, info sources can have multiple data sources within the same source system. Communication structure is a part of the source system.
Question #6: A, C
If the hide field is checked in a data source, that field will not be transferred to a BW system from the source system even after replication. If the selection field is not checked, that field won't be available for filtering the info package.
Question #7: A
ROIDOCPRMS is the table in the BW source system that is used to store the parameters for transferring data to BW. Max size is the size in KB which is used to calculate the number of records in each packet. Max lines is the maximum number of records in each packet.
Question #8: B
This indicator is used to make sure that the change log data is not compressed to one request when activating multiple requests at the same time. If these requests are combined to one request in change log table, individual deletion will not be possible.
Question #9: C
Transaction for setting flat file upload parameters is RSCUSTV6.
Question #10: A, C
Dimensional attributes have a performance advantage while running queries since the number of table joins will be less compared to navigational attributes. For navigational attributes, the history of changes will not be available. But for dimensional attributes, the InfoCube will have the change history.
Question #11: A
When a Dimension is created as a line item dimension, the SIDs of the characteristic is directly stored in the fact tables and these are used as Dimension IDs. Dimension table will be a view off of SID table and fact table.
Question #12: A, B, C
In the start routine, all records are available for processing. Variables declared in the global area can be used in individual routines. Returncode greater than 0 will abort processing of all records in the packet.
Question #13: A
If a constant is entered in the InfoCube-specific properties, only that value will be allowed in the InfoCube for that characteristic. This value will be fixed in the update rules and it is not possible to do the change in update rules for that characteristic.
Question #14: A
After makeing any type of change to an info set, it needs to be adjusted using the transaction RSISET.
Question #15: A, B
Read mode determines how an OLAP processor retrieves data during query execution and navigation. Three types of read modes are available:
1. Read data during expand hierarchies
2. Read data during navigation
3. Read data all at once
Read mode can be set at info provider level and query level.


Quiz: SAP BI/BW -- advanced level
1. Select the correct statements about the steps executed by a change run.
a. The steps activate the new master data and hierarchy data changes.
b. All aggregates are realigned and recalculated.
c. Aggregates containing navigational attributes are realigned and recalculated for the master data changes.
d. The steps delete the 'A' (active) records for which the 'M' (modified) records exist from master data tables, and makes all modified records active.
e. All of the above.
2. Key figures that are set for exception aggregation MIN or MAX in an aggregate cause the aggregates to be completely rebuilt for each change run alignment.
a. True
b. False
3. If special characters are not defined in transaction RSKC in BW then:
a. These characters cannot be loaded into BW at all.
b. These characters can only be loaded into text fields.
c. These characters can be loaded into attributes and texts.
d. BW won't be able to generate the SIDs for these characters because all the fields where SIDs are generated cannot be loaded.
e. None of the above.
4. A change run updates the 'E' table of the aggregates while doing the alignment for changes in the master data.
a. True
b. False
5. Select the correct statements related to the control parameters for a data transfer in table ROIDOCPRMS in the BW source system.
a. The field MAXSIZE is the maximum number of records which can be transferred to BW in a single packet.
b. The field MAXSIZE is the size in KB which is used to calculate the number of records per data packet.
c. MAXLINES is the maximum number of records which can be transferred to BW per data load.
d. If the number of data records per packet exceeds MAXLINES value the extraction process fails.
6. Identify the differences between an Infoset and a Multiprovider.
a. Both Multiproviders and Infosets can contain all the info providers in BW.
b. Queries built on Multiproviders use 'union' and queries on Infosets use 'join' to retrieve data from different info providers.
c. Both Multiproviders and Infosets do not have data, but data is accessed from the basic info providers used in these objects.
d. None of the above.
7. Select the correct statements about the OLAP Cache Monitor in BW.
a. The transaction for the OLAP Cache Monitor is RSRCACHE.
b. If the persistent mode is inactive then the cache is inactive and query results will not be cached in memory.
c. A 'read flag' is set in the Cache Monitor when data is read from the cache.
d. When new data is loaded into the info provider which the query is built on, the cache for that query is invalidated.
e. All of the above.
8. Select the correct statements about ODS settings.
a. Performance of the ODS activation improves when the BEx reporting flag is switched to off.
b. Overwriting a data record is not allowed if the 'unique' data record flag is set.
c. Data targets are updated from the ODS regardless of the ODS activation status.
d. All of the above.
9. It is not possible to activate an ODS which contains a request from a full load and a Delta Initialization load of the same data source.
a. True
b. False
10. Select the correct statements regarding data deletion settings in an InfoPackage.
a. It is possible to set an InfoPackage to delete all the data in an InfoCube during the loads.
b. Only uncompressed data can be set to be deleted from the cube in an InfoPackage during the loads.
c. Deletion settings can be done only for basic InfoCubes.
d. Data deletion settings in an InfoPackage are possible only for full loads.
e. All of the above.
11. Select the correct statements about parallel processing in Multiproviders.
a. Multiprovider queries create one process per info provider involved and are processed parallel by default.
b. It is not possible to make Multiprovider queries run sequential.
c. Multiprovider queries create a parent process which provides a synchronization point to collect the overall result from other sub processes.
d. Parallel processing is always faster than sequential processing in Multiproviders.
e. All of the above.
12. Select the correct statements about the ALPHA conversion routine in BW.
a. An ALPHA conversion routine is assigned to a characteristic info object automatically when it is created.
b. An ALPHA conversion routine is used to convert characteristic values from 'external to internal' values only.
c. Conversion is done on alphabets and numeric input values.
d. An ALPHA conversion routine removes the spaces on the right side of numeric values and right aligns them.
e. The left side of the numeric input values are filled with zeros.
13. Select the correct statements related to navigational attributes.
a. It is better to avoid using navigational attributes from a query performance point of view.
b.If a navigational attribute is used in an aggregate, the aggregate needs to be adjusted every time there is a change in the values of this attribute.
c. An attribute included as a characteristic in the InfoCube has the same effect as being used as a navigational attribute in the cube.
d. A navigational attribute can be made to display an attribute without removing data from the InfoCube.
e. None of the above.
14. A 'Check for Referential Integrity' can only be possible for information sources with flexible updating.
a. True
b. False
15. Select the correct statements about physical partitioning in BW.
a. New partitions on F table of an InfoCube are created during data loads to the InfoCube.
b. An E fact table is created when activating an InfoCube with a number of partitions corresponding to the partition value range.
c. If a cube is not partitioned before populating with data, it is not possible to partition the cube without removing all the data.
d. PSA table partitions can contain more than one request.
e. All of the above.


Question #1: A, C, D
Master data and hierarchy data changes are activated and all the aggregates which have navigational attributes which will be affected by the changes are realigned. Change run deletes all active records for which modified records exists in master data 'P' table and makes all modified records to active.
Question #2: A
If an aggregate contains key figures which are built as MIN or MAX, that will force a change run to recreate these aggregates during the alignment process.
Question #3: B, D
Unless specified using transaction RSKC, special characters cannot be loaded into BW fields where it needs to generte SIDs. So it is possible for these characters to be loaded into text fields.
Question #4: B
A change run doesn't update the 'E' table of the aggregates for the alignment of aggregates due to master data changes. The alignment is done by inserting rows with the necessary negative and positive key figure values in the 'F' table.
Question #5: B
In the table ROIDOCPRMS, MAXSIZE is the size in kilobytes which is used to calculate the number of records in each datapacket to be transferred to BW. If the calculated number of records exceeds MAXLINES, the packet size in terms of number of records will be made the same as the value of MAXLINES value.
Question #6: B, C
A Multiprovider can be built on basic InfoCubes, ODSs, info objects or Infosets. An Infoset can have only ODSs or info objects. Multiproviders use 'union' operation but Infosets use 'join'. Both the objects are logical definitions which don't store any data.
Question #7: A, C, D
Transaction RSRCACHE is for the Cache Monitor. The OLAP Cache will be active unless the 'cache inactive' flag is set. Persistent mode is to specify the action to be taken when the cache memory is exhausted.
Question #8: A, B
If the BEx Reporting flag is switched off than the SID won't have to be taken when activating the ODS. This improves performance. If the 'unique data records' flag is set, it is not possible to load records to the ODS for which the key combination already exists. Data targets can be updated only after the ODS activation takes place successfully.
Question #9: B
It is possible to activate an ODS which contains Delta and full loads from the same InfoSource if the full load is done with the repair flag set in the InfoPackage.
Question #10: A, C
All data can be set to be deleted from a basic cube during full loads and Delta loads. Data can be deleted depending on various conditions. Data can only be deleted from basic cubes, not the ODS.
Question #11: A, C
Multiprovider queries create processes to run on the individual info providers involved. These processes run parallel by default. The parent process provides a synchronization point to collect overall results from sub processes. Many times the parallel processing may be slower than sequential processing, if the data volume is high.
Question #12: A, D, E
The ALPHA conversion routine is assigned to the characteristic info objects when created. This needs to be deleted manually if not required. The conversion is applied to 'external to internal' formats and vice versa. For 'external to internal' formats, the values are right aligned and the spaces on left side is padded with zeros.
Question #13: A, B, D
Queries using navigational attributes will be slower since additional tables have to be joined with the Fact tables to get the desired results. If there are changes to the values of navigational attributes, the aggregates using these will have to be readjusted, which is done by a change run. Navigational attributes can be made to display only without removing the data from the cube.
Question #14: A
A referential integrity check is only possible for info sources with flexible updating
Question #15: E
The 'F' Fact table is partitioned on request and is created during data loads. The 'E' Fact table of the InfoCube is created with the number of partitions specified in the partitioning range. Once the data is loaded to the cube, partitioning based in the Time characteristic is not possible without removing the data. PSA table partitions can contain more than one request.